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ERP-Unlocked: Current vs Proposed Architecture - Visual Comparison

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ CURRENT SYSTEM │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ │
│ ┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐ │
│ │ WEBAPP (Astro + React) │ │
│ │ Port: 4321 │ │
│ └──────────────────┬─────────────────────────────────┘ │
│ │ │
│ ▼ │
│ ┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐ │
│ │ POSTGRESQL (Mixed OLTP + OLAP) │ │
│ │ Instance: db.r6g.2xlarge (8 vCPU, 64 GB) │ │
│ │ Storage: 4.5 TB SSD │ │
│ │ Cost: $1,450/month │ │
│ │ │ │
│ │ ┌──────────────────────────────────────────┐ │ │
│ │ │ OLTP Tables (Orders, Documents) │ │ │
│ │ │ • orders (100K rows/org) │ │ │
│ │ │ • pdf_documents (50K rows/org) │ │ │
│ │ │ • part_number_mappings (200K rows/org) │ │ │
│ │ │ • erp_connections │ │ │
│ │ │ │ │ │
│ │ │ Size: ~500 GB (10% of total) │ │ │
│ │ └──────────────────────────────────────────┘ │ │
│ │ │ │
│ │ ┌──────────────────────────────────────────┐ │ │
│ │ │ OLAP Tables (ERP Replica) ← PROBLEM │ │ │
│ │ │ • erp_products (2.3M rows/org) │ │ │
│ │ │ • erp_customers (10K rows/org) │ │ │
│ │ │ • erp_cross_references (500K rows/org) │ │ │
│ │ │ • erp_shipping_addresses (50K rows/org) │ │ │
│ │ │ • erp_inventory_locations (5M rows/org) │ │ │
│ │ │ • erp_sync_logs (audit trail) │ │ │
│ │ │ │ │ │
│ │ │ Full-text search: tsvector GIN indexes │ │ │
│ │ │ Size: ~4 TB (90% of total) │ │ │
│ │ │ │ │ │
│ │ │ Issues: │ │ │
│ │ │ ❌ Slow analytical queries │ │ │
│ │ │ ❌ No historical data │ │ │
│ │ │ ❌ Expensive SSD storage │ │ │
│ │ │ ❌ Index bloat │ │ │
│ │ │ ❌ Vacuum overhead │ │ │
│ │ └──────────────────────────────────────────┘ │ │
│ └─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘ │
│ ▲ │
│ │ Direct SQL queries │
│ ┌──────────────────┴─────────────────────────────────┐ │
│ │ IERPSyncService (TypeScript) │ │
│ │ • Prophet21SyncService.syncProducts() │ │
│ │ • Batch upserts to PostgreSQL │ │
│ │ • Scheduled daily via Trigger.dev │ │
│ │ │ │
│ │ Problems: │ │
│ │ ❌ No multi-ERP federation │ │
│ │ ❌ Rigid schema (migrations for new fields) │ │
│ │ ❌ No semantic layer for AI │ │
│ └─────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘ │
│ │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
Performance Metrics:
• Product search (tsvector): 800ms p95
• ERP sync duration: 30 min/org
• Storage cost: $450/month (4.5 TB @ $0.10/GB)
• Historical queries: ❌ Impossible
• Multi-ERP queries: ⚠️ Complex unions required

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ PROPOSED SYSTEM │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ │
│ ┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐ │
│ │ WEBAPP (Astro + React) ← NO CHANGES │ │
│ │ Port: 4321 │ │
│ └──────────────────┬─────────────────────────────────┘ │
│ │ JWT (clerk_organization_id) │
│ │ │
│ ┌───────────┴────────────┐ │
│ │ │ │
│ ▼ ▼ │
│ ┌──────────────┐ ┌───────────────────────────────┐ │
│ │ POSTGRES │ │ CUBE SEMANTIC LAYER ← NEW │ │
│ │ (OLTP Only) │ │ GraphQL/REST API │ │
│ │ │ │ Port: 4000 │ │
│ │ Downsized: │ │ │ │
│ │ db.r6g.xlarge│ │ Models: │ │
│ │ 4 vCPU, 32GB│ │ • ERPProducts │ │
│ │ │ │ • ERPCustomers │ │
│ │ Tables: │ │ • ERPInventory │ │
│ │ • orders │ │ • ERPPricingHistory (NEW!) │ │
│ │ • pdf_docs │ │ │ │
│ │ • mappings │ │ Features: │ │
│ │ • erp_conns │ │ ✅ RLS by organization │ │
│ │ │ │ ✅ Pre-aggregations │ │
│ │ Size: 500GB │ │ ✅ AI-friendly API │ │
│ │ Cost: $450/m│ │ ✅ Caching layer │ │
│ └──────────────┘ └───────────┬───────────────────┘ │
│ │ │
│ ▼ │
│ ┌───────────────────────────┐ │
│ │ TRINO (Query Engine) │ │
│ │ Federates: │ │
│ │ • Hudi (lakehouse) │ │
│ │ • Postgres (joins) │ │
│ └───────────┬───────────────┘ │
│ │ │
│ ▼ │
│ ┌───────────────────────────────────┐ │
│ │ APACHE HUDI LAKEHOUSE ← NEW │ │
│ │ Storage: Cloudflare R2 │ │
│ │ │ │
│ │ Tables (Partitioned by org_id): │ │
│ │ • erp_products │ │
│ │ • erp_customers │ │
│ │ • erp_cross_references │ │
│ │ • erp_inventory_locations │ │
│ │ • erp_pricing_snapshots (NEW!) │ │
│ │ • erp_sync_events │ │
│ │ │ │
│ │ Features: │ │
│ │ ✅ ACID transactions │ │
│ │ ✅ Time-travel queries │ │
│ │ ✅ Incremental processing │ │
│ │ ✅ Schema evolution │ │
│ │ ✅ Compaction/optimization │ │
│ │ ✅ Lucene full-text search │ │
│ │ │ │
│ │ Format: Parquet (compressed) │ │
│ │ Size: ~2.7 TB (60% of original) │ │
│ │ Cost: $40/month ($0.015/GB) │ │
│ └───────────────────────────────────┘ │
│ ▲ │
│ │ │
│ ┌───────────┴───────────────┐ │
│ │ ETL ORCHESTRATION │ │
│ │ │ │
│ │ ┌─────────────────────┐ │ │
│ │ │ dlt PIPELINES │ │ │
│ │ │ (Python) │ │ │
│ │ │ │ │ │
│ │ │ Replaces: │ │ │
│ │ │ IERPSyncService │ │ │
│ │ │ │ │ │
│ │ │ • prophet21.py │ │ │
│ │ │ • netsuite.py │ │ │
│ │ │ • dynamics.py │ │ │
│ │ └─────────────────────┘ │ │
│ │ │ │
│ │ ┌─────────────────────┐ │ │
│ │ │ SPARK │ │ │
│ │ │ (Load to Hudi) │ │ │
│ │ └─────────────────────┘ │ │
│ │ │ │
│ │ ┌─────────────────────┐ │ │
│ │ │ dbt │ │ │
│ │ │ (Business Logic) │ │ │
│ │ └─────────────────────┘ │ │
│ │ │ │
│ │ Orchestration: │ │
│ │ Trigger.dev (unchanged) │ │
│ └───────────────────────────┘ │
│ │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
Performance Metrics:
• Product search (Lucene): 200ms p95 (4x faster)
• ERP sync duration: 20 min/org (33% faster)
• Storage cost: $40/month (91% cheaper)
• Historical queries: ✅ Time-travel enabled
• Multi-ERP queries: ✅ Native federation via Cube

AspectCurrent (PostgreSQL)Proposed (Lakehouse)Improvement
Architecture PatternOLTP + OLAP mixedOLTP/OLAP separated✅ Best practice
ERP Data StoragePostgreSQL SSDHudi on R2 object storage✅ 91% cost reduction
Product SearchPostgreSQL tsvectorHudi Lucene index✅ 4x faster (800ms → 200ms)
Historical Analytics❌ Not supported✅ Time-travel queries✅ New capability
Multi-ERP Queries⚠️ Complex SQL unions✅ Cube federation✅ Simplified
AI Integration⚠️ Direct SQL (security risk)✅ Semantic layer + RLS✅ Secure & efficient
Schema Changes❌ Migrations required✅ Schema-on-read✅ Flexible
Sync ImplementationTypeScript (IERPSyncService)Python (dlt pipelines)✅ Industry standard
Total Monthly Cost$1,500$875✅ 42% savings
Scalability Limit~5 TB (practical)Petabytes✅ Future-proof
Operational ComplexityLow (1 database)Medium (multiple services)⚠️ Trade-off

IERPSyncService interface (TypeScript)
Prophet21SyncService implementation
Direct Drizzle queries for ERP data
PostgreSQL erp_products table
PostgreSQL erp_customers table
PostgreSQL erp_inventory_locations table
Full-text search via tsvector
dlt ETL pipelines (Python)
Hudi lakehouse tables
Cube semantic layer API
Trino query engine
Historical analytics capabilities
Multi-ERP federation
AI-ready semantic API
No Changes: ✓ Clerk authentication & organizations
✓ Astro + React frontend
✓ FastAPI PDF processing
✓ Celery background workers
✓ Trigger.dev orchestration (same schedules)
✓ PostgreSQL for orders, documents, mappings
✓ Cloudflare R2 for PDF/image storage
✓ Better Stack observability
✓ User-facing features and UI

PostgreSQL (8 vCPU, 64 GB, 4.5 TB SSD):
Instance: $800
Storage: $450
Backup: $200
Total: $1,450
Compute (Trigger.dev):
100 orgs × $0.50: $50
TOTAL: $1,500/month
PostgreSQL (4 vCPU, 32 GB, 500 GB SSD - downsized):
Instance: $400
Storage: $50
Total: $450
Hudi Lakehouse:
R2 Storage (2.7 TB @ $0.015/GB): $40
R2 Egress: $0 (no egress fees)
Total: $40
Trino Query Engine:
c6g.2xlarge (8 vCPU, 16 GB): $250
Cube Semantic Layer:
t3.medium (2 vCPU, 4 GB): $35
Spark ETL:
On-demand (1-2 hrs/day): $50
Compute (Trigger.dev - unchanged):
100 orgs × $0.50: $50
TOTAL: $875/month
Current: $1,500/month × 36 months = $54,000
Proposed: $875/month × 36 months = $31,500
Savings: $22,500 over 3 years (42% reduction)

Current (PostgreSQL tsvector):

SELECT * FROM erp_products
WHERE connection_id = 'xxx'
AND product_search_vector @@ plainto_tsquery('industrial pump valve')
LIMIT 100;
-- Performance: 800ms p95
-- Index: GIN (large, slow updates)
-- Scalability: Degrades with data volume

Proposed (Hudi Lucene):

SELECT * FROM erp_products
WHERE clerk_organization_id = 'yyy'
AND search_text MATCH 'industrial pump valve'
LIMIT 100;
-- Performance: 200ms p95 (4x faster)
-- Index: Lucene (optimized for full-text)
-- Scalability: Sub-linear degradation

Current (PostgreSQL):

-- ❌ IMPOSSIBLE: No historical data retention
-- Can only query current snapshot
SELECT erp_product_id, current_pricing
FROM erp_products
WHERE erp_product_id = 'P-1234';
-- Returns: Single row (current state only)

Proposed (Hudi time-travel):

-- ✅ POSSIBLE: Query historical snapshots
SELECT
erp_product_id,
current_pricing,
last_synced_at AS snapshot_date
FROM erp_products
FOR TIMESTAMP AS OF '2024-07-15'
WHERE erp_product_id = 'P-1234';
-- Returns: Historical pricing from July 15, 2024

Current (PostgreSQL):

-- ⚠️ COMPLEX: Requires unions across connection_id
(SELECT * FROM erp_products WHERE connection_id = 'prophet21-conn-1')
UNION ALL
(SELECT * FROM erp_products WHERE connection_id = 'netsuite-conn-2')
WHERE name ILIKE '%pump%';
-- Issues:
-- - Manual union for each ERP type
-- - Different schemas need normalization
-- - Difficult to maintain

Proposed (Cube semantic layer):

# ✅ SIMPLE: Cube handles federation automatically
query {
ERPProducts(where: { name: { contains: "pump" } }) {
product_id
name
erp_type # Automatically includes prophet21, netsuite, etc.
}
}
# Benefits:
# - Single unified API
# - RLS enforced automatically
# - Schema normalization handled by Cube

Use Cases Unlocked by Proposed Architecture

Section titled “Use Cases Unlocked by Proposed Architecture”

Impossible Today:

// ❌ Current: No historical data for ML training
const productTrends = await analyzeProductPricing(productId, last6Months);
// ERROR: Only current snapshot available

Enabled with Lakehouse:

// ✅ Proposed: Time-travel queries for ML training
const cubeApi = new CubeApi({ ... });
const pricingHistory = await cubeApi.load({
measures: ['ERPPricing.avg_price', 'ERPPricing.order_volume'],
dimensions: ['ERPProducts.product_id'],
timeDimensions: [{
dimension: 'ERPPricing.snapshot_date',
dateRange: ['2024-01-01', '2024-07-01'],
granularity: 'week'
}]
});
// ML model can analyze pricing trends, seasonality, demand patterns

Impossible Today:

// ❌ Current: No cross-location inventory analysis
const inventoryTrend = await getInventoryHistory(productId, locationId);
// ERROR: Snapshot only, no trend analysis

Enabled with Lakehouse:

// ✅ Proposed: Multi-location inventory trends
const inventoryOptimization = await cubeApi.load({
measures: [
'ERPInventory.total_on_hand',
'ERPInventory.total_allocated',
'ERPInventory.turnover_rate', // dbt-computed metric
],
dimensions: ['ERPInventory.location_id', 'ERPInventory.product_id'],
timeDimensions: [
{
dimension: 'ERPInventory.snapshot_date',
dateRange: 'last 90 days',
granularity: 'day',
},
],
});
// Identify slow-moving inventory, rebalance across locations

Difficult Today:

// ⚠️ Current: Complex unions, manual normalization
const prophet21Products = await db.query.erpProducts.findMany({
where: eq(erpConnections.type, 'prophet21'),
});
const netsuiteProducts = await db.query.erpProducts.findMany({
where: eq(erpConnections.type, 'netsuite'),
});
// Manual merge logic required, different schemas

Simple with Lakehouse:

// ✅ Proposed: Unified catalog via Cube
const unifiedCatalog = await cubeApi.load({
measures: ['ERPProducts.count'],
dimensions: [
'ERPProducts.product_id',
'ERPProducts.name',
'ERPProducts.erp_type', // prophet21, netsuite, etc.
'ERPProducts.standardized_category', // dbt-computed
],
filters: [
{
member: 'ERPProducts.name',
operator: 'contains',
values: ['industrial pump'],
},
],
});
// Returns unified results across ALL ERPs automatically

The proposed lakehouse architecture addresses fundamental limitations of the current PostgreSQL-based approach:

Separation of Concerns - OLTP (orders) vs OLAP (analytics)
Cost Efficiency - 91% storage savings ($450 → $40/month)
Performance - 4x faster product searches
New Capabilities - Historical analytics, multi-ERP federation
AI-Ready - Semantic layer for LLM tools
Future-Proof - Scales to petabytes

Trade-off: Increased operational complexity (more services to manage)

Recommendation: Proceed with phased approach (6-week pilot → full migration)


Next: Review Full Proposal for implementation details.